Classification of Pig Farming Equipment

　　 Classification of Pig Farming Equipment

　　 Heating systems for pig‑raising equipment and pig houses are categorized into two types: centralized, unified heating and localized heating. Centralized heating relies on a single, centrally located heat‑generation unit to produce a heat transfer medium, which is then distributed via piping to radiators throughout the pig house. Localized heating methods include hot‑water underfloor heating, electric heating panels, infrared lamps, and similar systems.

　　 Pig farming equipment and cooling equipment

　　 Although ventilation is an effective cooling method, it can only reduce the ambient temperature to near‑ambient levels. Currently, common cooling systems used in pig farms include wet‑pad fan cooling, misting cooling, and drip‑type cooling. However, due to their relatively high humidity, the latter three are not well suited for indoor applications. The wet‑pad fan cooling system is a mature evaporative cooling technology, with an evaporative cooling efficiency ranging from 75% to 90%, and it has been increasingly adopted worldwide.

　　 Pig farming equipment and disinfection equipment

　　 Commonly used cleaning and disinfection equipment in pig farms includes high-pressure washers, flame sterilizers, and backpack sprayers. Flame sterilizers are most effective when used in conjunction with chemical disinfectants. At the beginning When used in combination with medication, the sterilization rate can exceed 95%.

　　 Pig farming equipment cleaning equipment

　　 Modern pig farms typically install slatted floors over collection pits. After pigs defecate on the slatted surface, their urine drains through the gaps into the manure pit below. Fecal matter that falls onto the slatted floor is trampled and automatically drops into the underlying pit, thereby minimizing contact between pigs and manure and helping to prevent and reduce the incidence of disease outbreaks.

　　 Depending on the layout of the pigsty, slatted floors can be classified into two types: fully slatted and partially slatted. For farrowing and nursery pens raised on elevated platforms, a fully slatted floor is recommended, whereas pigsties with floor‑level housing typically use a partially slatted floor (covering about one‑third to one‑half of the area). The manure‑drainage zone features a slatted floor, while the feeding and resting areas are solid flooring.

　　 The key technical parameter of slatted flooring is the slat width. Slatted floors come in various shapes and are typically manufactured as solid blocks, strips, or mesh panels. Common materials include cement, metal, and plastic.

　　 To cool sows, negative-pressure ventilation with a water curtain is highly effective; however, we must strike a balance to maintain appropriate temperatures for both sows and piglets. Negative-pressure ventilation can reduce ambient temperature by 4°C to 8°C, ensuring sow comfort. To prevent piglets from catching colds, PVC baffles are installed on the fan‑induced side of the sow pen to block direct exposure to cold air. It is advisable to elevate the farrowing bed and adjust the positioning of fans and the water curtain to optimize airflow, allowing cool air to pass over the piglets while keeping the area beneath the bed relatively warmer. Sows may then selectively stand up to seek out the cooler air, thereby addressing the temperature differential.

　　 Water‑curtain ventilation system: This system employs a water‑curtain cooling mechanism, leveraging the heat‑absorbing principle of evaporative cooling and negative‑pressure ventilation to exhaust farm waste gases and wastewater, thereby alleviating high‑temperature, stuffy conditions. After installation, the elevated temperatures in livestock facilities are significantly mitigated; within 10 minutes, the temperature in barns (previously ranging from 32–45°C) can be rapidly reduced and maintained at 26–30°C, creating a comfortable environment for animals.